Tuberculosis (TB) is a highly contagious lung infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria. While many infected individuals don't show symptoms, TB can affect various parts of the body and spreads through the air when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks.
TB is categorized into Latent TB, where the bacteria are inactive, and Active TB, which makes individuals sick and can spread to others. Active TB symptoms include prolonged cough, weight loss, loss of appetite, fatigue, fever, and night sweats.
Diagnosis involves various tests such as skin tests and blood tests, alongside imaging studies like chest X-rays or CT scans. Treatment for latent TB involves medications to prevent activation. However, drug-resistant TB requires longer, more intensive treatment, sometimes lasting up to 30 months.
Effective TB care includes early diagnosis, proper medical supervision, adherence to prescribed medication, and ongoing monitoring to ensure a successful recovery. A patient-centered approach and timely support play a critical role in overcoming the disease.
If you or someone you know is experiencing symptoms or at risk for TB, it is important to seek medical evaluation and begin appropriate treatment promptly.