Chronic cough, lasting for at least eight weeks in adults and four weeks in children, can be more than just a nuisance. It can disrupt sleep, cause fatigue, and even lead to complications such as vomiting and rib fractures in severe cases.
Identifying the exact cause of chronic cough can be challenging, but common culprits include tobacco use, postnasal drip, asthma, and acid reflux. Diagnosis begins by discussing symptoms, triggers, lifestyle habits, and medical history. Physical examinations, including listening to the lungs, are conducted. Additional tests like sputum samples and imaging scans (X-rays or CT scans) might be necessary. Bronchoscopy may also be performed to examine the lungs for signs of irritation or disease.
Treatment options depend on the underlying cause and symptoms. Decongestants, antihistamines, or nasal steroid sprays can help reduce inflammation and dry up secretions leading to postnasal drip.
A patient-centered and personalized approach to treatment can improve outcomes and reduce complications. Timely evaluation and appropriate intervention are essential in effectively managing chronic cough and improving quality of life.