Pneumonia is a lung infection affecting one or both lungs, causing inflammation in the air sacs and filling them with fluid or pus. Symptoms include cough with pus, fever, chills, chest pain, and breathing difficulties. Pneumonia can be caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi and its severity varies from mild to life-threatening.
Pneumonia is categorized into types such as hospital-acquired, community-acquired, ventilator-associated, and aspiration pneumonia based on its origin.
Diagnosis is typically based on clinical symptoms and supported by tests like blood tests, chest X-rays, pulse oximetry, and sputum tests. In some cases, CT scans and pleural fluid cultures may be required for further assessment.
Treatment aims to alleviate symptoms and prevent complications. Options may include antibiotics targeted to the specific bacteria, cough medicines to reduce discomfort, and fever reducers or pain relievers to manage associated symptoms.
Early diagnosis and proper treatment are essential for a successful recovery. If symptoms of pneumonia are present, seeking timely medical evaluation is important to avoid potential complications and ensure effective management.